Smoking and bladder cancer: insights into pathogenesis and public health implications from a bibliometric analysis (1999–2023)

Background
Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for bladder cancer. Harmful substances in tobacco smoke can damage cells and lead to cancer. Understanding this link is important for better prevention and treatment.

Objective
This study reviews global research on the connection between smoking and bladder cancer using bibliometric analysis, aiming to identify key trends, topics, and future directions.

Methods
We analyzed studies published between 1999 and 2023 from the Web of Science database. Tools like VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to map contributions from countries, institutions, journals, authors, and keywords.

Results
A total of 2,802 publications were reviewed, showing a steady increase in research over time. The United States and China were the top contributors. Leading institutions included the NIH, National Cancer Institute, and the University of Texas System. Important research areas included DNA repair, genetic studies, and smoking cessation.

Conclusion
This analysis highlights global progress in understanding how smoking causes bladder cancer. The findings help guide future research and support improvements in public health and clinical care.